on October 21, 2023
His relationships with coding bootcamps give him particular insight into these new job training programs. Now that we can move, lets make something that can hurt us, to provide a bit of a challenge for our players. Soon, youll have your very own 2D game! One for the background, and one to show the game title, so make a new sprite now and import the "bg_tile_dark.png" image from the TutorialResourcesfolder (if you have any issues, you can also find the images here). bottom center In the main editor window, you have a bunch of tools in the top right corner: The one we are interested in here is the Play Animationbutton . The origin is simply a point on the sprite that will be used to position it within our game room, and you can set it by either clicking Creating a sound resource is exactly the same as creating any other resource. The GameMaker name has been around for a bit, and many amazing and successful games have been made using this game development tool. However it's missing one or two things to take it from a prototype to a finished game, one of which is a scoring system which is what we'll cover in the next This post will serve as a GameMaker Studio tutorial to get you started, and an overview of the tool. Simply click the right mouse button on the Sprite resource and select Create: This will open the Sprite Editorwhere we can add an image and set certain properties for the sprite: To start with, you need to name the sprite. Like Unity and Unreal, GameMaker Studio, is a game engine that incorporates a powerful IDE (integrated development environment) for easy development. The action can be found in the Mouse and Keyboardsection of the action toolbox and you should drag it into the action workspace abovethe Assign Variable action: Note that when you drag it near the existing action an area will be highlighted indicating that it can be placed either above or below the action in the chain (in the image above we place it above), and once you drop it you will see that it is connected to the Assign Variable action like this: That square chain on the left means that the "if" action will be called and thenthe Assign Variable action, but that they are independent of each other. Sprite You can close the game window now (if you haven't already) and then double click If they are, the player moves one step in that direction: Do the same thing for the other direction. In this case we will simply edit the default room "room0". For this we need to add a Create Eventfor the object "obj_player", and in it add the following action: All we are doing here is preparing a variable called "cooldown" for use later on in the game - remember, the Create Event is only run oncewhen the instance is first created, so this variable is being initialised to 0 once only. Bounding Box You'll see that the image now appears in the top left corner of our room as a background, but that's not exactly what we want we want it to tile across the screen. Learn how to make a game with our free game engine for beginners and professionals alike. While normally proprietary languages are a bad thing, GML is really close to JavaScript as its dynamically typed and high level. Lets rename our new object to However, if you have zero coding experience, you should still be able to follow along. We do the same thing again but this time to check for the key D and to lower the amount. Of course, you could just use objects with sprites to draw your levels, but this is a more efficient method in terms of the GPU and speed of creating levels. This is the output we expect at the end of our automation. We need to "spice it up" a bit and one of the easiest way to do this is to simply change the pitchof the sound. Dont worry too much about the origin, and the bounding box should be all of the image now (which we want). Osomething Before continuing, we should give the room a name, as the default name isn't very descriptive so give a slow double click We do this because we will often have to mention the names of things in our code. We are now going to add a Draw Eventto our object. Now we need to add events to let our character move. So, if you hold down A for one second time will increase by 0.6. Return to our player object by double-clicking its name in the resource tree. To get started with GameMaker Studio 2, first create a new project. Sprites Now, create a new object (Ive named mine event and a new window containing a text editor to type your code into. The main points you should have learned from this are: That might not seem like much, but the core concepts here are probably amongst the most important you can learn. Collision Mask Go back to the controller object obj_scoreand make sure you have the general Draw Event open as we need to edit it. To start with lets name the tile set "tl_background" and assign it the sprite we just created. In this You should be able to move freely around the screen. We can now associate the sprite to the object by selecting it from the list of available sprites. To do that open the room resource (double click on it in the resource tree), and then drag an instance of the object obj_scoreinto the room and place it anywhere (make sure that you have selected the "Instances" layer first). We actually need to use a functionto get the angle that we want to set the sprite to, and then we'll store the value it returns in a variable ready to set the rotation of the instance. To so this we need to use the built invariable image_alpha. Ive also dropped in a tile set. This is a selection of sprites that will be used to draw levels. The other options in the Font Editor are outside of the scope of this tutorial, but you can read up on them by pressing to open the manual and going to the section on the Font Editor. Make sure that the original sprite is 3232 pixels, or change the dimensions by clicking edit sprite. The collision box should generally be the same size and shape as the sprite. Let's just pass over the core concepts and things that you should know after completing this tutorial: Our project is still not quite a game, as it's missing a few important things One of which is an enemy to shoot at! The only resource that is created for you by default when you create a new project is the Room Resource. Well, not yet but it will be when we make our player instance actually do something. Now, its time to code. automatic , and you consent to receive offers and opportunities from Career Karma by telephone, text message, and email. Create a new section Run your game again (press ) and this time the player instance should do nothing unless you press the right arrow key. have a number of built-in properties that will help us as we make our game, so it makes sense to make a new object for our character. All this will do is stretch the background image used to fill the whole room area, which with a small image like the one we are using doesn't look right, which is why we tile it instead. to begin making your first game. . That action will also draw the assigned sprite along with any applied transforms, just like the default drawing for an instance when it has no Draw Event. Right now, its a little small. You should be familiar with how to do this so go ahead and make one now and call it "obj_score": The object "obj_score" will be our controllerobject and so we don't assign a sprite to it since we want it to draw other things (like the score text). You will learn a bit of code and a bit of game design as we go. as general containers for anything that has code attached to it. We'll use this to change the calling instance (the spawner) into an enemy instance, so drag that into the action list now and set it to change into the object obj_enemy, like this: So, first we check to see if the scale is 1 (100%) and if it is we change the instance into a version of the instance obj_enemyusing the action Change Object Instance. The most game need drag and drop object to customize.In this tutorial I will show you how to code drag and drop simply way.tags:gamemaker studio 2 drag and d. In this case we use view port[0] since that is the one we set up in the room editor in the last section. Note: The Change Object Instanceaction. tutorial_game_files.zip To get started with GameMaker Studio 2, first create a new project. This will scroll the layer by the number of pixels given every game frame, so setting a horizontal speed of, for example, -2 will scroll the background from right to left at a rate of 2 pixels every game frame. creating a prototype around that idea The full action list now looks like this: You should open the Room Editor now on our game room and add a few instances of this enemy object into it (click and drag from the resource tree into the room area), and then test the game: At the moment, the enemies just follow the player around and don't actually do or react to anything else. However sometimes you want to preview a change like this without having to compile the whole project to see how it looks, which is where the Animatefeature of the room editor comes in very handy. So let's fix that now As we discussed previously, how things are drawn will depend on the layer order within the room editor, and if we want our bullets to be drawn under the player, we have to create a new layer and add them to thatinstead of the instance layer that the player is on. statement: To break down the code a little, first we check if time is below 1. Thats because we havent given them anything to do, so they just stand where weve placed them. Step While I really enjoy using GameMaker Studio 2, there are a plethora of paid and With that done, the full action list for the general Draw Event should now look like this: You can now run the game again and you should see that the score is much more visible, maintains it's position and goes up when an enemy is destroyed: In this If the object is in the room when the game starts, this code will run once when the game starts. This will only run once, and well use it to establish a global variable. which will be a completely empty object with physics once again disabled. So, in this Where GameMaker differs, however, is in its relative simplicity and target audience. So double click on the object "obj_player" from the resource tree to open it in the current workspace if it's not open already. Create In this tutorial, we will walk through the start of that process together in a game Each . We could use the movementactions for this, but to give you a better idea of how GameMaker Studio 2does things we are going to set the built in variable "x" to move and use the action Assign Variable: We want to set the value of "x" to 4 relativeto its previous value, so we set the action to look like this: Note that now in the list view on the left of the editor, we have the action written as plain text: So what does this do then? If you run the game at this point, you will find that you now get a massivegame window that is way to big for most people to actually play in, so we need to sort that out using cameras. We then need to get the position of the view camera within the room space, so we use the Declare Tempaction two more times: There is no action available for getting the position of a view and so we have to use a function in the "value" argument. Using obj_scorein this case is fine because we are only going to have one of them in the room, but you can use this method to target a single instance if you target an instance ID (which you can get from the Room Editor or by certain functions), by placing it in the text field at the top which says Expression: Our action will now add 5 onto the thescore variable every time an enemy instance is destroyed, and we can now add the score object into our game room. That way, the user can move with the keyboard and aim and shoot with the mouse. In this case our controller object won't be drawing a sprite but it will (by the end of this tutorial) draw some text and manage the player score value and certain game events. we have added yet another object to our game, the enemy, and got things feeling a bit more like how an arcade game should feel. Sprite This event runs every game frame and in it we are going to check for a player instance in the room, and if one is found we'll move towards it. Basically, some tile set images may be created with "empty" areas around each tile and so you can set the pixels or cells between each individual part of the image here. If we set this then we are telling the view camera to only move by a specific amount each game frame, so that if we set it to (for example) 5, then the view camera will follow the player only 5px per game frame. They are special events that will count down every game frame until they reach 0, at which time they will perform the action code added into the event in the object. Youll now be greeted with a Workspace on the left and an asset browser on the right. This provides you with something you can actually see: real results. . With that done you should have a full set of actions that looks like this: You could drop this instance into the game room, but all you'd see would be a "0" on the screen since we don't actually add to the score value yet, so let's do that now. Making child rooms is an advanced and powerful feature, but outside the scope of this tutorial, so just drag it into the position above the room "rm_game", as shown in the animation above for now. under Pricing is very reasonable, however, with the Creator License costing $39. is what lets the game engine know what your sprite is touching, known as Your character should be able to move left now. However note that in generalyou want all sound effects to be *.wav format and all music to be *.mp3, and *.ogg can be either, but is generally preferred for longer sound effects and music too. So you can have a camera view that is 480x320 (for example) but make the camera port 960x640 and the camera view will be scaled up to fit. There is a minor problem that we have to fix now, though GameMaker Studio 2will run rooms in consecutive order, meaning the room at the start of the room resource list is the one that will be shown initially when we start the game. When you play the game you should here the sound being played every time the enemy is destroyed, however the sound will quickly become tiring to the ear of those that play the game. Its a really good idea to name things in a way that will tell you what they are. . The first thing to do is tell GameMaker Studio 2that we want to draw with new font resource, so before the Draw Value action we need to add a Set Fontaction like this: As the action name implies, this will set the font for drawing any text. Well, so far we haven't added anyDraw Event to anyof our instances, and yet they all draw their sprites to the screen when we run the project. obj_damage If the game detects that youre pressing left on the keyboard, it will run the code in the curly braces. We covered how to add a sprite in the first part of this tutorial, so we'll only briefly run through the procedure here: If you have used the sprite that we used for the tutorial, you should be placing the origin near the bullet image "head" (as shown in the image below), as that is the point that we want to rotate it around and "pin" it into the room with. This tutorial has created a TutorialResourcesfolder for you within the project files, and when you open the file explorer to choose a sprite, it should open on that folder where you can find the sprites used in the "Images" sub-folder. section in the events box attached to your player object. Instead we need to first of all tell GameMaker Studio 2to change the "scope" of the following actions to affect the "other" instance in the collision using the action Applies To. Create something similar of your own and then drop it into the Sprites folder. By default, its set to These built in variables are changed using the different transform actions from the Instanceslibrary: You can change things like the scale, the rotation, the colour and the alpha, all through using these actions to change the built in variables. What does this mean? So, add a Create Eventnow, and in the action editor window that pops up drag the Assign Variableaction and set it to the following: This gives us an instance variable with the name "thescore" and sets its value to 0. To do this, you will need to click the button that is currently labelled "No sprite" and select the sprite "spr_player" from the list of available resources: Associating an object with a sprite in this way means that when you place an instance of the object in the game room, this is what will be drawn and certain attributes of the sprite will be used by the instance. You can close this object now and go back to the game room. This means that the action is going to work on a different object (in this case we have selected obj_scoreas the object to target). objects, or that we just put in our scene to look pretty. You can test the game now and kill a few enemies to hear the sound play. F5 Well, we couldjust use the value 1.5 in all future actions when we deal with the instance speed, but if we want to changethat value, it would mean searching through all the actions and manually fixing it. Naming Practices You will then be presented with two options: New Drag and Drop Project; New GameMaker Language Project; Drag and Drop is the powerful visual scripting language that permits you to code a project using chained action blocks, while the GameMaker Language (GML) is the propriety . , select section. and then add it to the player object. https://www.yoyogames.com/gamemaker/featuresGameMaker Studio 2 is the latest and greatest incarnation of GameMaker! To answer that we need to back to the Sprite Editorand explain another of its features - the ability to set up a collision mask. If you lower the value of the pitch to say 0.7, then the sound will play at a lower pitch and a value higher than 1 like 1.5 will play it higher. event You can then simply draw onto your grid to create your level layout! Youre also going to drag and drop your invisible ground layer a few times and resize it to perfectly match wherever you drew your tiles. stores something for us, like a number, so we can use it somewhere else. That means the player character you created is actually a prefab or a class that can have multiple identical copies called instances. Its really important to type everything exactly when youre writing code. For example, a However for our game we are keeping things simple and all those values can be left at their default settings. left off. To open it for editing you need to double-click So add the event now and the action, with the following values: What we are doing is setting the built in variables for the assigned sprite scale to 10% of the base scale. obj_damage With that done we need go ahead and add a Draw Event. spr_player We'll leave the shooting for the next tutorial in the series and simply add the rotation for now. So with that in mind, call this sprite "spr_player". There is also a 30-day trial so you can see if you get along with the workflow before you take the plunge. In this case we want to assign the dark tile sprite we added, so click on the section marked
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